Acide ya Ribonucleic

Gusaba
RNA na ADN bikoreshwa nk'imiti.Abantu bafata RNA / ADN kugirango barusheho kwibuka no gukomera mu mutwe, kuvura cyangwa gukumira indwara ya Alzheimer, kuvura indwara yo kwiheba, kongera imbaraga, kongera uruhu, kongera igitsina, no kurwanya ingaruka zo gusaza.

RNA (mu magambo ahinnye yitwa RNA, Acide Ribonucleic) ni umutwara w'amakuru akomoka ku ngirabuzimafatizo aboneka mu ngirabuzimafatizo no muri virusi zimwe na zimwe ndetse n'ibinyabuzima bisa na virusi.RNA igizwe na ribonucleotide ihujwe n'imigozi ya fosifori kugira ngo ibe molekile ndende imeze nk'urunigi.Molekile ya aside ya ribonucleique igizwe na fosifate, ribose hamwe na base.hari ubwoko bune bwibanze muri RNA, aribwo A (adenine), G (guanine), C (cytosine) na U (uracil), aho U (uracil) isimbuza T (thymine) muri ADN.Uruhare rwa RNA mu mubiri ni cyane cyane kuyobora synthesis.
Ingirabuzimafatizo imwe mu mubiri w'umuntu irimo pg 10 za RNA (zirimo pg 7 za ADN).Ugereranije na ADN, RNA ifite ubwoko butandukanye, uburemere buke bwa molekile hamwe nubwinshi butandukanye mubirimo.RNA irashobora kugabanywamo intumwa RNA hamwe na RNA idafite code ukurikije imiterere n'imikorere.Nta code ya RNA igabanijwemo RNA nini idafite code kandi kode ntoya RNA.Nta-code nini RNA irimo ribosomal RNA, urunigi rurerure rudakoresha RNA.Nta code ya RNA ntoya irimo kwimura RNA, nuclease, molekile nto RNA, nibindi.Molekile nto RNA (20 ~ 300nt) ikubiyemo miRNA, SiRNA, piRNA, scRNA, snRNA, snoRNA, nibindi. Bagiteri nazo zifite molekile nto RNA (50 ~ 500nt).
RNA, kimwe na ADN, ni urunigi rwa polinucleotide rugizwe na nucleotide zitandukanye zifitanye isano na 3 ′, 5′-fosifori, ariko itandukanye na ADN muburyo butandukanye.